Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is an underground 20 kton liquid scintillator detector being built in the south of China. Targeting an unprecedented relative energy resolution of 3% at 1 MeV, JUNO will be able to study neutrino oscillation phenomena and determine neutrino mass ordering with a statistical significance of 3-4 sigma within six years running time. These physics challenges are addressed by a large Collaboration localized in three continents. In this context, key to the success of JUNO will be the realization of a distributed computing infrastructure to fulfill foreseen computing needs. Computing infrastructure development is performed jointly by the Institute for High Energy Physics (IHEP) (part of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)), and a number of Italian, French and Russian data centers, already part of WLCG (Worldwide LHC Computing Grid). Upon its establishment, JUNO is expected to deliver not less than 2 PB of data per year, to be stored in the data centers throughout China and Europe. Data analysis activities will be also carried out in cooperation. This contribution is meant to report on China-EU cooperation to design and build together the JUNO computing infrastructure and to describe its main characteristics and requirements.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.026 | 0.009 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".