Atmospheric plasma dielectric barrier discharge: A simple route to produce superhydrophilic TiO<sub>2</sub>@carbon nanostructure
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A one‐step technique for the deposition of superhydrophilic TiO 2 @carbon nanocomposites is described in this study. The nanocomposites are synthesized by injecting TiO 2 nanoparticles suspended in isopropanol into a dielectric barrier discharge operating at atmospheric pressure (AP‐DBD) generated in an N 2 /N 2 O gas mixture. The influence of the voltage (3–8 kV) applied to a 2‐kHz‐operated AP‐DBD on the wettability of the as‐deposited TiO 2 @C nanocomposites is examined. The water contact angle is drastically reduced from 93° for the reference TiO 2 powder to <5° for the deposited nanocomposite. This superhydrophilicity is not caused by the increase of the surface roughness determined by atomic force microscopy measurement but rather by the higher density of graphitic compounds at the surface, as confirmed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it