Factors Associated With Change in Cardiovascular Fitness for Patients With Peripheral and Coronary Artery Disease in Cardiac Rehabilitation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) yields improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen uptake [V˙o2peak]). Predictors of change in V˙o2peak have been reported among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) but have not been compared with peripheral artery disease (PAD). This study determined predictors of improved V˙o2peak among patients with PAD, CAD, and concomitant PAD and CAD (PAD/CAD) following a 6-mo home-based outpatient CR program (1supervised and 4 home weekly sessions). METHODS: This study was a retrospective (2006-2017) multiple linear regression analysis of CR patients with PAD (n = 63), CAD (n = 63), and PAD/CAD (n = 164). Peripheral artery disease and CAD were matched for age, sex, smoking status, diabetes, and year in program. RESULTS: Mean age of all patients was 68.9±10.1 yr, 72% were male, and mean improvement in V˙o2peak was 2.1 ± 3.3 mL/kg/min (14.5% improvement) following CR. In CAD, younger age (β = .30, P = .015), male sex (β = -.29, P = .019), and more recent year of entry (β = .26, P = .035) were predictors of improved V˙o2peak. In PAD, only male sex (β = -.36, P = .004) and in PAD/CAD, not having diabetes (β = -.24, P = .002), not smoking (β = -.25, P = .001), and shorter elapsed time from referring diagnosis to entry (β = -.19, P = .016) were predictors. CONCLUSIONS: While younger age and male sex were predictors of improved V˙o2peak in CAD, age did not influence PAD, and neither age nor sex influenced PAD/CAD. Peripheral artery disease-related limitations may override some demographic factors, and strategies for improving V˙o2peak should be explored. Managing smoking and comorbid diagnoses including diabetes and a timely entry to CR may yield greater improvements in V˙o2peak among individuals with PAD.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".