La Bourse et la Ville : Une histoire du modèle constitutionnel bourgeois en France, du Moyen-Âge central à la Révolution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
En 1791, la France se dote de sa première constitution républicaine, souvent décrite par les spécialistes comme une constitution hors-norme, car répondant à un modèle que l’on estime plutôt extravagant pour l’Europe de cette époque. Cette thèse soutient que les constitutions révolutionnaires françaises de 1791 à 1795 prennent pour modèle l’organisation politique des compagnies par actions de la fin du 18e siècle, modèle très répandu alors, et loin d’être aussi insolite qu’on le dit. Dans une première partie, la thèse montre que la gouvernance des sociétés commerciales et financières est l’un des avatars modernes du « modèle constitutionnel bourgeois », modèle qui naît dans les communes et bourgs médiévaux aux 11e-13e siècles et se diffuse largement en Europe et dans ses colonies. Dès la fin du 17e siècle, le droit commercial participa à la propagation des idées et pratiques du modèle constitutionnel bourgeois, et tendit même à dépeindre les compagnies commerciales et financières comme de petites républiques. Dans une seconde partie, la recherche se concentre sur l’influence de la gouvernance d’entreprise sur quatre courants de pensée majeurs qui ont contribué au débat constitutionnel en France à la Révolution, à savoir : 1) la pensée politique britannique antiabsolutiste du début du 18e siècle et sa conception de gouvernement en trust, 2) les projets d’assemblées provinciales des physiocrates, 3) les écrits révolutionnaires d’Emmanuel Sieyès, 4) et, enfin, un courant radical, incarné par Thomas Paine et Condorcet, qui rejette l’idée de fonder une société politique sur un modèle emprunté aux sociétés financières et commerciales, tout en adaptant implicitement ce même modèle constitutionnel bourgeois. -- In 1791, France adopted its first constitution, which is often described by specialists as a non-standard constitution, because it responded to what is believed to be a rather extravagant model for Europe at that time. This thesis argues that the French revolutionary constitutions of 1791 to 1795 were modelled on the political organization of the joint-stock companies of the late 18th century. The first part shows that the governance of commercial and financial companies is one of the modern avatars of the "bourgeois constitutional model", a model that originated in medieval communes of the 11th-13th centuries. This model spread widely in Europe and its colonies, up to the 18th century. From the end of the 17th century, commercial law participated in the propagation of the ideas and practices of the bourgeois constitutional model, and, even tended to depict companies as little republics. In a second part, the research focuses on the influence of corporate governance on four major currents of thought that contributed to the constitutional debate in France during the Revolution. It focuses namely on 1) the idea of government as a trust in the anglo-saxon political thought at the beginning of the 18th century, 2) the plans for provincial assemblies of the physiocrats, 3) the revolutionary writings of Emmanuel Sieyès, 4) and finally a radical current, embodied by Thomas Paine and Condorcet, which rejected the idea of founding a political society on a model borrowed from financial and commercial companies, while implicitly adapting this same bourgeois constitutional model.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".