The H I supershell GS 118+01-44 and its role in the interstellar medium
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aims. We carry out a multiwavelength study to characterize the H I supershell designated GS118+01-44, and to analyse its possible origin. Methods. A multiwavelength study has been carried out to study the supershell and its environs. We performed an analysis of the H I, CO, radio continuum, and infrared emission distributions. Results. The Canadian Galactic Plane Survey (CGPS) H I data reveals that GS118+01-44 is centred at (l,b) = (117°.7, 1°.4) with a systemic velocity of -44.3 km s-1. According to Galactic rotation models this structure is located at 3.0 ± 0.6 kpc from the Sun. There are several H II regions and three supernova remnants (SNRs) catalogued in the region. On the other hand, the analysis of the temperature spectral index distribution shows that in the region there is a predominance of non-thermal emission. Infrared emission shows that cool temperatures dominate the area of the supershell. Concerning the origin of the structure, we found that even though several OB stars belonging to CasOB5 are located in the interior of GS118+01-44, an analysis of the energy injected by these stars through their stellar winds indicates that they do not have sufficient energy to create GS118+01-44. Therefore, an additional energy source is needed to explain the genesis of GS118+01-44. On the other hand, the presence of several H II regions and young stellar object candidates in the edges of GS118+01-44 shows that the region is still active in forming new stars.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".