Evaluation of direct shear strength of compacted bentonite having pore-water pressure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Safety of great deep repository design has been investigated for high-level radioactive waste disposal system in several countries such as Belgium, Canada, China, France, Germany, Japan, Sweden and Switzerland. The repository of the disposal is in most cases based on the concept of a multi-barrier system using the host rock barrier formation and a man-made barrier formation. The man-made barrier consists of high expansive bentonite. Thermal-hydro-mechanical behaviour simulation models were developed, including some parameters described by experimental works. The complex phenomena due to the transition into saturation and chemical reactions at the bentonite barrier system have been explained. This study focused on direct shear strength for compacted bentonite related to some factors induced by uncertainty problems such as hydration effect and pore-water pressure. Measured shear strength properties of compacted bentonite had been determined at high suction values. Also, it is clear that there is some influence of direct shear speed on direct shear strength both under unsaturated-saturated conditions. A modified direct shear apparatus was used in this study to observe changes in shear strength with increments of pore-water pressures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".