Temperature and Intensity Dependence of the Limiting Efficiency of Silicon Solar Cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The temperature and intensity dependence of the limiting efficiencies of monofacial and bifacial silicon solar cells are calculated from the physical properties of silicon assuming light trapping by Lambertian scattering from rough surfaces. The maximum efficiency of a bifacial cell (28.92%) is lower than the efficiency of a monofacial cell (29.46%) at room temperature and Air Mass 1.5 Global illumination. The effects of electron-electron interactions on the band gap, radiative recombination rate, and optical absorption are included self-consistently. The temperature coefficient of the output power is -0.23%/°C for the optimum thickness monofacial cell at room temperature. The optimum thickness of silicon solar cells decreases strongly with temperature following a power law T-7and thin cells have a lower temperature coefficient than thick cells. A surface recombination velocity of 1 cm/s is found to be a turning point below which surface recombination has a small effect on the efficiency.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".