The effect of the amount, distribution, and end anchorage conditions of bond beam reinforcement on the behaviour of concrete masonry shear walls
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The behaviour of squat shape partially grouted concrete masonry shear walls with fixed-end boundary conditions subjected to constant average axial stress and cyclic lateral loading was investigated. Two replicas were tested of each combination of horizontal reinforcement ratio (0.12%, 0.06%, and 0.03%) and four end anchorage conditions (straight, 90°, 180°, and shear studs). The behaviour of the walls was compared in terms of strength, ductility, stiffness, and dissipated energy. While the effect of horizontal bar size was greater than that of end anchorage, neither improved end anchorage nor smaller bar size increased yielding at critical locations on the rebars. The highest course of the wall should be reinforced and grouted, as that improves performance of the walls. In addition, the amount of horizontal reinforcement did not significantly affect the strength of the shear walls, therefore changes to the shear design equations in the Canadian Standard are recommended.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".