Measurement and Characteristic Analysis of Turbulent Flow near Permeable Spur Dike
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To disclose the turbulence features near a permeable spur dike, this paper measures the three-dimensional (3D) instantaneous velocity at different vertical lines and depths around the permeable spur dike through acoustic Doppler velocimetry (ADV). The relative turbulence intensity and Reynolds stress were calculated for each measuring point, and the distribution features of different turbulence structures were analyzed along the water depth. Experimental results show that: within the length of the dike, the turbulence intensity and Reynolds stress in the downstream of the dike are much greater than those in the upstream. In the downstream of the dike, the turbulence intensity in the root and body regions peaks in the dike crest layer, but that at other positions minimizes in that layer (but peaks on the water surface or river bottom). In the upstream, ejection and sweeping are the dominant turbulence structures; the two structures also dominate near the free layer at the bottom in the downstream; outward and inward interactions dominate near the dike crest layer in the downstream.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".