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Record W3108580597

UNDERSTANDING THE DECREASE IN THE NUMBER OF STUDENTS AS A CONSEQUENCE OF MIGRATION- MACEDONIA

2018· article· en· W3108580597 on OpenAlex
Elsa Pollozhani

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueKnowledge International Journal · 2018
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEconomics, Econometrics and Finance
TopicGlobal Socioeconomic and Political Dynamics
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsHuman migrationDestinationsMirroringImmigrationPhenomenonPolitical scienceOrder (exchange)Development economicsGeographyPopulationSociologyEconomics
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Migration is an inseparable process of the establishment of human societies, and there are different types of migrations and of different character, depending on the reasons and the causes. Migration has always been oriented towards developed countries. In the past, on an international level, among “preferred” destinations for immigrants have been USA, Canada and Australia. With the end of World War Two, there was a new wave which was more attracted to the old continent. Europe soon started to attract many workers from the region as well as from other continents. At the end of the twentieth century, even those European countries that previously sent migrants to wealthier countries began to receive migrants from the rest of the world. Certainly, underdeveloped countries are those that are most affected by migration. Part of this group is also Macedonia, which has been mostly affected by economic migration as a specific type of migration, which in the last years has had an unstoppable flow. Taking into consideration this situation, through this paper titled “Understanding the decrease in the number of students as a consequence of migration-Macedonia” I will deal with the phenomenon of migration which causes social disorders with consequences on the country’s perspectives. In order to construct a clear and concise paper, mirroring the current situation, I will rely on the empirical-analytical research method. The research interest of the paper will focus on the situation of the last three decades, starting from 1990 to today. The actual situation with special focus on economic migration, which implies the aim for better living conditions, will be presented through precise figures. As a result of these movements, this group of the population lives a better life in the western countries; however their home country is losing its people and there is a significant decline in schools. In order to give an accurate description of the situation we will rely on data published by institutions that deal with statistics and these kinds of demographic movements. Some of these institutions include the State Statistical Office of the Republic of Macedonia, the statistical office of the EU called Eurostat etc., which have published worrying data concerning the continued fall of the number of students in schools in the country. According to this data, the situation is even more alarming in the schools in Albanian language, particularly in places with Albanian majority.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: Theoretical or conceptual
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.143
Threshold uncertainty score0.779

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.075
GPT teacher head0.355
Teacher spread0.280 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it