Gelation kinetics of functionalized silica crosslinked polymeric gels used in conformance control applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The potential crosslinking of three types of nitrogen‐containing functionalized silica (TAAcONa, guanidine, and triamine) with polyacrylamide (PAM) has been investigated. Only triamine silica was able to crosslink with PAM, producing barely flowing gel with storage modulus of around 700 Pa. Micro differential scanning calorimeter (μDSC) analysis illustrated exothermic peaks indicating crosslinking of PAM with triamine and polyethyleneimine (PEI), with crosslinking onset temperatures of 80°C and 84°C. TGA analysis showed the thermal stability of the functionalized silica up to temperatures of more than 200°C. In the domain of study (up to 130°C), TAAcONa silica exhibited the highest weight loss of 5%. Different kinetic models were used to identify the degree of crosslinking and PAM/PEI has shown diffusion‐controlled reaction unlike PAM/triamine‐functionalized silica. The crosslinking mechanism of the new crosslinker is proposed to be similar to that of the PAM/PEI system. Yet, functionalized silica‐based gels are more stable and possess higher strength.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".