Pressure oscillation of an air pocket beneath a water column in a vertical riser
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Storm geysers have received significant attention lately due to its more frequent occurrences and the induced severe local flooding and infrastructure damages. Previous studies suggested that the air pocket pressure oscillated during geyser events especially in rapid filling process, but only the peak values were studied and the oscillation period was not discussed in detail. In this paper, a theoretical model was developed focusing on the period of the pressure oscillation induced by the expansion/compression of the air pocket below a water column in a vertical riser with film flow. It was found that the oscillation period was a function of the initial air pocket volume, initial air pocket pressure head, the riser diameter, and the initial water column length. The oscillation period increased with the air pocket pressure head and the air pocket volume, but decreased with the riser diameter and the polytropic coefficient. The oscillation period increased then decreased with an increasing water column length. Further, when considering the film flow along the riser, the oscillation period decreased slightly from the analytical solution. It was also found that the inflow rate change did not significantly influence the oscillation period.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".