The tubovesicular network in <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> liver-stage hypnozoites and schizonts associates with host aquaporin 3
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The apicomplexan Plasmodium parasites replicate in the liver before causing malaria. P. vivax can also persist in the liver as dormant hypnozoites and cause relapses upon activation. The host water and solute channel aquaporin-3 (AQP3) has been shown to localize to the parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM) of P. vivax hypnozoites and liver schizonts, along with other Plasmodium species and stages. In this study, we use high-resolution microscopy to characterize temporal changes of the tubovesicular network (TVN), a PVM-derived network within the host cytosol, during P. vivax liver-stage infection. We demonstrate an unexpected role for the TVN in hypnozoites and reveal AQP3 associates with TVN-derived vesicles and extended membrane features. We further show AQP3 recruitment to Toxoplasma gondii . Our results highlight dynamic host-parasite interactions that occur in both dormant and replicating liver-stage P. vivax forms and implicate AQP3 function during this time. Together, these findings enhance our understanding of AQP3 in apicomplexan infection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".