NONLINEAR RECEPTIVITY TO OBLIQUE VORTICAL MODES IN FLOW PAST AN ELLIPTIC LEADING EDGE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Boundary layer receptivity to pairs of unsteady oblique freestream vortical modes is studied in direct numerical simulation of flow over a flat plate with an elliptic leading edge. The freestream is perturbed by three types of oblique Fourier modes, differing in the magnitude of the three vorticity components. The vortical modes excite steady boundary layer streaks, and the associated receptivity mechanism is nonlinear in the forcing amplitude. Leading edges with two different aspect ratios are considered. It is found that the streak amplitudes obtained are largely unaffected by the leading edge bluntness. Whereas linear receptivity is the predominant mechanism at low forcing frequencies, the nonlinear mechanism becomes important when high-frequency vortices are present in the freestream. Nonlinear receptivity is therefore expected to contribute significantly to the excitation of boundary layer streaks by freestream turbulence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".