Sediment natural radioactivity and heavy metals assessment from the beaches of Ras-Gharib, Red Sea, Egypt
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Natural 238U, 232Th and 40K activity in sediment samples from beaches along Ras-Gharib coast on the Red Sea, Egypt has been estimated. Eighteen sediment samples from 3 beaches were collected and measured with Nal (Tl) gamma spectrometry. The average specific activities are 28 ±1.9, 24±2.8, and 382±21.4 Bqkg−1 for 238U, 232Th and 40K, respectively. These values are less than the worldwide average of 33, 45, and 412 Bq kg−1 recommended by UNSCEAR reports. Absorbed dose rate the annual effective dose are calculated 34 nGyh−1 and 42 µSvy−1 respectively. Eight heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Ni, Co, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd) have been measured and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). ln some samples, the concentration for the investigated heavy metals exceeds the permissible limits recommended by the Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines. This indicated that the degree of metals pollution is caused by anthropogenic activities (Terrigenous sediments transported to the marine environment by some wadis in the General Beach area, oil spills as a result of exploration and extraction in General Company of Petroleum) and/or by natural impacts.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".