Imperial expansionism and Mysore, 1798–99
Bibliographic record
Abstract
By 1812 Britain had worked to limit the Continental System by opening up particular lines of trade. Engaging with the French directly in the Iberian peninsula and creating a network of bases in the central Mediterranean secured some useful markets. From 1809, the British retook a number of French island colonies in the Caribbean, thereby denying their opponents regional commercial advantages. The new order in Portugal and Spain after 1808 had also enabled Britain to break into those countries’ colonial markets. But economic conditions remained tough and the struggle for international trade landed the British in 1812 in a tense diplomatic dispute with the USA. The disagreement in itself was resolvable but the distance between London and Washington led to a delay in diplomatic exchanges which in turn degenerated into war. This outcome was almost the last thing desired by the British government and by significant sections of American public opinion. But enough enthusiasm prevailed in parts of the USA to energize the war in the west and threaten an invasion of Upper Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".