Utilisation des psychostimulants chez les patients en fin de vie atteints de delirium hypoactif et de troubles cognitifs: Revue de la littérature
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To review the research about psychostimulant effects on cognitive functions in end-of-life patients diagnosed with hypoactive delirium or cognitive disorders. METHOD: The MEDLINE (1966-March 2008), Embase (1974-March 2008), PsycINFO (1806-March 2008), IPA (1970-March 2008), CINAHL (1982-March 2008), ISI Web of Science (1945-March 2008), Current Contents (March 2007-March 2008), Access Medicine (2001-March 2008), and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (1980-March 2008) databases were searched with keywords related to delirium, cognition, psychostimulants, and palliative care for French or English articles in a dementia-free and hyperactive delirium-free end-of-life population. Cognitive functions had to be assessed before and after initiation of the psychostimulant treatment. Moreover, treatment had to be initiated after the onset of cognitive impairments. RESULTS: A total of 173 studies were screened. Five studies on methylphenidate and 1 study on caffeine met inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Two studies were case reports, 2 were open-label trials, and 2 were double-blind, crossover randomized placebo-controlled trials. Three studies were conducted with hypoactive delirium patients and all studies were conducted in an advanced cancer patient population. CONCLUSIONS: The reviewed studies support the use of methylphenidate to improve end-of-life patient cognitive functions, particularly in the case of hypoactive delirium. Caffeine seems to have beneficial effects on psychomotor activity. Further well-designed studies are needed to consolidate these findings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.021 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".