Neutron-antineutron oscillation search using a 0.37 megaton-years exposure of Super-Kamiokande
Bibliographic record
Abstract
As a baryon number violating process with $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}B=2$, neutron-antineutron oscillation ($n\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\overline{n}$) provides a unique test of baryon number conservation. We have performed a search for $n\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\overline{n}$ oscillation with bound neutrons in Super-Kamiokande, with the full dataset from its first four run periods, representing an exposure of $0.37\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{Mton}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{years}$. The search used a multivariate analysis trained on simulated $n\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\overline{n}$ events and atmospheric neutrino backgrounds and resulted in 11 candidate events with an expected background of 9.3 events. In the absence of statistically significant excess, we derived a lower limit on $\overline{n}$ appearance lifetime in $^{16}\mathrm{O}$ nuclei of $3.6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{32}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{years}$ and on the neutron-antineutron oscillation time of ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{n\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\overline{n}}>4.7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{8}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{s}$ at 90% C.L.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".