Copper decorated with nanoporous gold by galvanic displacement acts as an efficient electrocatalyst for the electrochemical reduction of CO<sub>2</sub>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) is recognized as a key component in the synthesis of renewable carbon-containing fuels. Herein, we report on nanoporous gold (NPAu) decorated with copper atoms for the efficient electrochemical reduction of CO2. A facile and green galvanic displacement technique was developed to incorporate Cu onto the surface of the nanoporous gold-zinc (NPAuZn) electrode. The effect of zinc on the morphology and electrochemical performance of the formed NPAuCu electrodes for CO2 reduction was systematically investigated. The NPAuCu electrode exhibited 16.9 and 2.86 times higher current density than those of polycrystalline gold and NPAuZn at -0.60 V (vs. RHE) in a 0.1 M CO2-saturated NaHCO3 solution, respectively. A far higher faradaic efficiency was achieved at the NPAuCu electrode for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO, CH4 and HCOOH. The facile synthesis of the NPAuCu electrode demonstrated in the present study can be employed as a promising strategy in the development of high-performance electrocatalysts for energy and environmental applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".