Preventing Loss of Independence through Exercise (PLIÉ) improves behavioral outcomes and increases default mode network connectivity in people with mild cognitive impairment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Preventing Loss of Independence through Exercise (PLIÉ) is an integrative group movement program developed to improve quality of life and daily function in people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia. We performed a single‐arm pre‐post pilot trial to examine the impact of PLIÉ in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) on behavioral and neuroimaging outcomes. Methods Study participants, recruited from the community, had received MCI diagnoses or reported subjective memory complaints plus Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores ≤ 26. PLIÉ classes were 1‐hour, 2 days/week over 12 weeks with 8‐12 participants per class. Pre‐post outcomes included validated measures of cognitive function, physical performance, self‐rated quality of life, mood, affect, mobility, social isolation, attention regulation, self‐regulation, and well‐being. Neuroimaging measures included structural magnetic resonance images (MRIs) and resting state fMRIs. Participants also completed PLIÉ satisfaction surveys. Standardized effect sizes (ES) were calculated based on pre‐post change divided by the baseline standard deviation, and paired t‐tests were used to compare pre‐post scores. Changes in functional connectivity of the Default Mode Network (DMN) were examined using two nodes, the anterior medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), as seeds. Results Eighteen participants completed the 12‐week program. Participants were 74.9±9.1 years old (11 men, 7 women) and predominately white. Half were US‐veterans. We observed pre‐post improvement on measures of cognitive function (ES=0.33, p=0.001), physical performance (ES=0.39, p=0.047), social isolation (ES=0.62, p=0.009), and self‐regulation (ES=0.55, p=0.006). Though not statistically significant, most other measures suggested improvement with clinically meaningful effect sizes. Neuroimaging revealed increased functional connectivity between nodes of the DMN, specifically between the hippocampus and the mPFC (p=.03) and between the PCC and bilateral parietal cortex after PLIÉ. Satisfaction ratings among participants were high (mean 3.95±.07; range 1‐4). Conclusion These preliminary findings provide proof‐of‐concept for the PLIÉ intervention in people with MCI and suggest that it may enhance cognitive function, physical performance, mood and well‐being, and increase DMN functional connectivity. Additional studies with a control group are warranted.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".