Bibliographic record
Abstract
A subset of international scholarship from the full Causality: School Libraries and Student Success corpus comprising empirical studies conducted in non-American locations (n=47) are examined for: geographic distribution, publication outlets, citations, data collection and analysis methods, and research strands. The majority of papers used one experimental design or two or more methods for quasi-experimental design approach for data collection, and used at least one or more often two or more data analysis methods. Six categories describe the research: learning environment, student attributes, teacher and school leadership characteristics, instructional interventions, academic skill development, and external factors for achievement.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.134 | 0.428 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.048 | 0.043 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.021 | 0.012 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.026 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.049 | 0.017 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".