Cutting Edge: NOX2 NADPH Oxidase Controls Infection by an Intracellular Bacterial Pathogen through Limiting the Type 1 IFN Response
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The NOX2 NADPH oxidase (NOX2) produces reactive oxygen species to kill phagosome-confined bacteria. However, we previously showed that Listeria monocytogenes is able to avoid the NOX2 activity in phagosomes and escape to the cytosol. Thus, despite the established role of NOX2 limiting L. monocytogenes infection in mice, the underlying mechanisms of this antibacterial activity remain unclear. In this article, we report that NOX2 controls systemic L. monocytogenes spread through modulation of the type I IFN response, which is known to be exploited by L. monocytogenes during infection. NOX2 deficiency results in increased expression of IFN-stimulated genes in response to type I IFN and leads to 1) promotion of cell-to-cell spread by L. monocytogenes, 2) defective leukocyte recruitment to infection foci, and 3) production of anti-inflammatory effectors IL-10 and thioredoxin 1. Our findings report a novel antimicrobial role for NOX2 through modulation of type I IFN responses to control bacterial dissemination.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".