Wide Field of View Retrodirective Millimeter Wave Antenna Array With Pulse Modulation and Orthogonal Polarization States
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work presents novel techniques to realize a retrodirective millimeter wave antenna array with wide field of view. High gain arrays in phase conjugate configuration are used in combination with orthogonal polarization states and a novel pulse modulation technique to improve backscattering which finds its application in localization and enabling data transmission from sensor nodes. The proposed approach avoids the use of amplifiers thereby reducing the cost, complexity and power consumption of sensor nodes while providing a wide field of view. The basic building blocks of the proposed antenna array are compact one-dimensional (1D) slot arrays that can be designed with orthogonal linear polarizations. Their compact size limits the grating lobes under -10 dB level with respect to the main beam to enable 120° retroreflective field of view, thus, eliminating the reflections in undesired directions while providing 90° rotated linear polarization for the reflected signal with respect to the incident signal polarization. The orthogonal polarization states and compact size are achieved by using a two-layer structure and exploiting the characteristics of substrate integrated waveguide and rectangular cavities. Arrays are designed, prototyped and characterized to validate the proposed concepts.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".