Effect of Future Extreme Precipitation Events on the Stability of Soil Embankments Across Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Changes in climatic conditions have been observed since about 1950. Climate change is expected to increase the magnitude and frequency of extreme events as well as long-term changes in average climatic conditions. The stability of embankments is susceptible to water infiltration as a result of intense rainfall events. The primary objective of this research is to quantify the impacts of future climate change on the stability of typical highway soil embankments across Ontario. \nThe results indicate that a higher probability of slope failure is expected under extreme precipitation events with longer return periods. Moreover, in silt embankments, the annual probability of failure in the future is greater than the historical ones. In addition, embankments constructed with fine-grained materials have the potential of triggering slope failure in comparison to those constructed with coarse-grained materials. The comparison between general and shallow failure shows that shallower failures are more susceptible to climatic events.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".