Between Technical-cultural Innovation by the Teutonic Order and Traditional Blacksmith Craftsmanship On the Margin of the Discovery of the 13th-century Spur with Hinged Sides from Starogród, Chełmno Distric
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The article starts with the description of a rare spur with hinged arms from Starogród in Culm Land, discovered during an excavation in 2018. The artifact is dated to the 2nd quarter of the 13th century and comes from the area of the probable first location of Chełmno. The main aim of the study is to describe and discuss the existing theories regarding the interpretation of this form of spurs. There are three main theories on the subject. The most probable one is that the arms with hinges were to serve for easier fixing of spurs on heavy boots and those with large decorations, such as belts or buckles. Due to the very early dating of the oldest spurs of this type, it should rather be said that spurs with hinges were used wherever it was found that it would facilitate their mounting on the leg. In none of the periods of occurrence, were these forms dominant but merely co-existed with those with rigid arms
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.019 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".