Does the Commercial Bank's Loans Affect Economic Growth? Empirical Evidence for the Real Sector Economy in Kosovo (2005-2018)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The study aims to analyze the impact of credit policies of commercial banks on financing and development of the real sector of Kosovo's economy. In this context, some statistical and econometric models and techniques have been applied in order to test the impact of commercial banks through the lending process in the development of the real sector of Kosovo's economy for the period 2005-2018, using time series on a monthly basis. The empirical results of this study prove that commercial banks through the lending process have had a positive substantive impact on the development of the real sector in the economy of Kosovo. Economic development cannot happen without the development of the private sector and banks are the ones who can help and are helping in this regard. This study will provide a theoretical and practical analysis of contemporary forms of real sector lending, as well as, the importance of credit policy reform in financing and developing this sector and provide empirical evidence of how much bank loans have affected in the development of the real sector of Kosovo's economy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".