Affirmation without Recognition: Assessing Quebec’s Recent Initiative for Constitutional Engagement
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 2017, the government of Quebec revisited the seemingly dormant question of Quebec’s place in Canada by releasing a Policy on Quebec Affirmation and Canadian Relations. While the policy statement checks off most of the boxes associated with Quebec’s traditional positions on federalism, I contend that it fails to diagnose the crux of the obstacles confronting Quebec and therefore it is likely to be reduced to a mere footnote in our ongoing deliberations around Canada’s constitutional impasse. Following an examination of the policy statement, the chapter turns to an exploration of the growing gulf between Quebec and its federal partners with regards to the purposes of federalism.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.020 | 0.037 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.034 | 0.021 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.019 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".