Least-squares Spectral and Wavelet Analyses of V455 Andromedae Time Series: The Life After the Super-outburst
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An extensive spectral analysis is performed on the light curve of dwarf nova V455 Andromedae (V455 And = HS 2331+3905) using the Least-squares WAVElet software (LSWAVE) to highlight its robustness for analyzing astronomical time series. The V455 And properties are briefly reviewed, and the recent results are compared with the results obtained herein. It is shown that the new analytical tools are superior to the traditional ones in that they consider observational uncertainties, do not require any interpolation and/or gap-filling, and can estimate the spectral peaks at a higher time–frequency resolution. First, the Anti-leakage Least-squares Spectral Analysis (ALLSSA) is applied to analyze a V455 And unequally spaced time series since 2008. ALLSSA has estimated spectral peaks at 80.40, 40.54, 1.12, and 0.56 minutes that correspond to the orbital period, its first harmonic, the white dwarf spin period, and its harmonic, respectively, confirming the earlier results. ALLSSA is then applied to all sufficiently large-size segments of the light curve to estimate the periodic components and demonstrate the double-humped orbital variations. Next, the Least-squares Wavelet Analysis (LSWA) is applied to four light curve segments each with a sufficient number of observations to study the periodic and aperiodic components. LSWA also detects the spectral peaks corresponding to the orbital period and non-radial white dwarf pulsations at a period of 4–5 minutes in 2010 October which gradually shifts toward 5–6 minutes in 2015 and 2018.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".