Least-squares Wavelet and Cross-wavelet Analyses of VLBI Baseline Length and Temperature Time Series: Fortaleza–Hartebeesthoek–Westford–Wettzell
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Extensive least-squares wavelet and cross-wavelet analyses are performed on the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) baseline length and temperature time series for a network of four VLBI antennas located in different continents. These analyses do not rely on any pre-processing of the measurements including interpolations or gap-filling, and they can provide accurate instantaneous frequency information along with phase differences in the time–frequency domain. Out of four antennas mounted in Fortaleza, Hartebeesthoek, Westford, and Wettzell, the most and the least possibly impacted VLBI time series by the annual temperature variation are Westford–Wettzell and Fortaleza–Hartebeesthoek, respectively. Furthermore, the annual components of the temperature time series in Westford and Wettzell lead the ones in the corresponding VLBI time series by nearly one month, where one of the baseline sides is either in Westford or Wettzell.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".