Assessing the immunomodulatory effects of Ganoderma lucidum and Coriolus versicolor on the cancer killing capacity of natural killer cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum and Coriolus versicolor are medicinal mushrooms with diverse immunomodulatory properties. This work demonstrates the effects of mushroom extracts on the survival of different cancer and natural killer (NK) cell lines (NK-92, CD16+IL-2+NK-92, KHYG-1) and NK cytotoxicity against different cancers. G. lucidum ethyl acetate and C. Versicolor aqueous extracts completely inhibited the growth of all tested cancer targets at 100 ug/mL, whereas G. lucidum aqueous extract enhanced NK-92 cell survival. At a 5:1 effector to target ratio, aqueous G. lucidum and C. Versicolor extract significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of NK-92 and KHYG-1 against leukemia, multiple myeloma (2.2x fold increase), and breast cancer. G. lucidum aqueous extract pretreated CD16+IL-2+NK-92 cells in combination with Herceptin demonstrated 2x higher killing against ovarian cancer compared to untreated CD16+IL-2+NK-92. Five distinct fractions from the crude aqueous extract were isolated and shown to have promising NK immunostimulatory activity that merits further investigation into their bioactive components.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".