The Determinants of Islamic and Conventional Banks Profitability in the GCC Region
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the factors affecting the profitability levels of commercial banks whether Islamic and non-Islamic over the period 2000-2018, to suggest ways to enhance the Islamic and non-Islamic banks profitability levels’ in the GCC countries. This research employed Bivariate analysis and panel regression in the investigation process. The study employed return on assets ratio as a proxy for banks profitability. The study found out that conventional banks are more efficient than Islamic banks in terms of profitability levels. There are substantial variances between both Islamic and conventional banks in terms of the determinants of banks' profitability. It is found that 89% of the Islamic bank’s profitability and 85% of conventional banks profitability influenced by bank size, market to book value, capital ratio, cash to assets, gross domestic product GDP, GDP growth, and inflation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".