Morpho-kinematics of the circumstellar envelope of the AGB star R Dor: a global view
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT We analyse new ALMA observations of the 29SiO (ν = 0, J = 8–7) and SO2 (ν = 0, 343,31−342,32) line emissions of the circumstellar envelope (CSE) of the oxygen-rich asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star, R Dor. With a spatial resolution of ∼2.3 au, the observations cover distances below ∼30 au from the star providing a link between earlier observations and clarifying some open issues. The main conclusions are the following. (i) Rotation is confined below ∼15 au from the star, with velocity reaching a maximum below 10 au and morphology showing no significant disc-like flattening. (ii) In the south-eastern quadrant, a large Doppler velocity gas stream is studied in more detail than previously possible and its possible association with an evaporating planetary companion is questioned. (iii) A crude evaluation of the respective contributions of rotation, expansion and turbulence to the morpho-kinematics is presented. Significant line broadening occurs below ∼12 au from the star and causes the presence of high Doppler velocity components near the line of sight pointing to the centre of the star. (iv) Strong absorption of the continuum emission of the stellar disc and its immediate dusty environment is observed to extend beyond the disc in the form of self-absorption. The presence of a cold SiO layer extending up to some 60 au from the star is shown to be the cause. (v) Line emissions from SO, 28SiO, CO and HCN molecules are used to probe the CSE up to some 100 au from the star, revealing the presence of two broad back-to-back outflows, the morphology of which is studied in finer detail than in earlier work.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".