Multilateral Responses to Cybercrimes in the SADC Region: The Case of Zimbabwe and South Africa
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study sought to understand the multilateral responses to cyber crimes in the SADC region with specific reference to Zimbabwe and South Africa. The research examined the concept of cybercrimes, its causes, motivations, and implications. The research further examined mechanisms and legislative frameworks available to curb cybercrimes. The qualitative research methodologies were used for the study. Data was purposively collected from information technology experts, academia, the security sector, lawyers, law enforcement agencies, journalists, and diplomats. The key findings of the research revealed that the understanding of cybercrimes is not consistent as the term has no specific referent in law. The study deduced that although cyber espionage, extortion, fame and entertainment are some of the motivations behind cybercrimes in the SADC region are attributed to high unemployment rates, especially among educated ICT graduates and poverty in general. The study also established that SADC countries lack a comprehensive legal framework to combat cyber crimes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".