Constraining PDS 70b’s Formation Mechanism with Multi-hydrogen-emission Observations
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We present our Keck/OSIRIS observations of the Pa β emission line (1.282 μ m) to investigate accretion mechanisms of PDS 70 planetary system. Our spectral differential imaging reduction to remove the stellar PSF resulted in null detection of Pa β at the locations of PDS 70b and c. The 5 σ detection limit of Pa β compared with the theoretical model of Aoyama & Ikoma (2019) indicates the gas velocity onto PDS 70b is smaller than 70 km s −1 , which suggests MUSE-based H α studies overestimated the gas velocity and the mass of PDS 70b.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it