The Perfect Storm of Retirement Insecurity: Fixing the Three-Legged Stool of Social Security, Pensions, and Personal Savings
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Perfect Storm. 1 He tells the story of a fishing boat based out of Gloucester, Massachusetts, that was lost at sea near Newfoundland during a 1991 Halloween nor'easter. 2 The Perfect Storm chronicles the unique mix of meteorological forces that coalesced to create a once-in-a-century maelstrom of devastating proportions.3 Another potential perfect storm threatens the financial well being of future retirees in the United States.As with the Halloween nor'easter, this storm has the potential to cause exceptional damage due to the confluence of a unique set of circumstances.This time, however, the forces at work are actuarial rather than meteorological.Two factors are principally responsible for the looming retirement insecurity storm.First, the coming generation of retirees will be large and long-lived.The retirement of the baby boom generation will create a retiree cohort historically unequaled in size.Continued increases in life expectancies prompt many analysts to anticipate that this cohort will have a retire- †
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".