Unconventional Oil Ores around the World: A Review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract With the increasing demand of the conventional oil and gas, unconventional oils are playing an increasingly important role in global energy supplying. Unconventional oil ore (such as oil sands, asphalt rocks) has been widely used in the industry. The bitumen recovered from the unconventional oil ore can be used for the production of synthetic crude oil. Canada has the world’s largest oil sands deposits in Alberta. Since the discovery of the Athabasca oil sands, many technologies have been applied to recovery the bitumen in industry, and the daily production of unconventional oil has reached 10.9 × 10 6 barrels in 2018. However, the Chinese oil sands has not been applied to the industry due to the complex characteristics. Much more attention will be paid to the fundamental research and process development of the unconventional oil ores.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".