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Record W3124229911 · doi:10.26481/umamer.2001033

How Innovative are Canadian Firms Compared to Some European Firms? A Comparative Look at Innovation Surveys

2001· preprint· en· W3124229911 on OpenAlexaffabout
Pierre Mohnen, Pierre Therrien

Bibliographic record

VenueRePEc: Research Papers in Economics · 2001
Typepreprint
Languageen
FieldEconomics, Econometrics and Finance
TopicFirm Innovation and Growth
Canadian institutionsInnovation, Science and Economic Development Canada
Fundersnot available
KeywordsComparabilityRevenueBusinessMarketingAccounting

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Cette étude examine à quel point l'enquête innovation canadienne de 1999 et les enquêtes communautaires européennes d'innovation CIS2 de 1997/1998 sont comparables. Quatre pays européens sont comparés au Canada: la France, l'Allemagne, l'Irlande et l'Espagne. Nous faisons ressortir des différences dans la réalisation de l'enquête et la formulation du questionnaire. Nous proposons des façons d'harmoniser les données pour les rendre aussi comparables que possible. Les performances entre pays diffèrent suivant l'indicateur retenu. Le Canada est loin en tête sur base du pourcentage d'innovateurs,0501s se classe en dernière position sur base du chiffre d'affaires en produits innovants. Le Canada est à peu près à égalité avec l'Allemagne et l'Irlande pour ce qui est du pourcentage d'innovateurs dans le sens plus strict d'une première sur le marché. La France et l'Espagne sont moins performantes à cet égard,0501s pas dans la proportion d'innovateurs au sens strict parmi les innnovateurs au sens large. A côté de ces differences se dressent aussi des régularités, telles qu'une plus grande propension à innover dans les enterprises des secteurs high-tech ou de grande taille. La part du chiffre d'affaires en produits innovants est également plus élevée pour les firmes des secteurs de haute technologie0501s pas nécessairement pour les grandes firmes.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.003
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.012
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.031
Threshold uncertainty score0.225

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0030.012
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0090.021
Science and technology studies0.0040.001
Scholarly communication0.0040.001
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0010.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0040.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.115
GPT teacher head0.307
Teacher spread0.192 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations3
Published2001
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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