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Record W3124875196 · doi:10.1109/access.2021.3054345

Efficient Feature-Aware Hybrid Model of Deep Learning Architectures for Speech Emotion Recognition

2021· article· en· W3124875196 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueIEEE Access · 2021
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldComputer Science
TopicSpeech and Audio Processing
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsSoftmax functionComputer scienceSpeech recognitionConvolutional neural networkDeep learningArtificial intelligenceFeature extractionMel-frequency cepstrumFeature (linguistics)Artificial neural networkPattern recognition (psychology)Feedforward neural network

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Robust automatic speech emotional-speech recognition architectures based on hybrid convolutional neural networks (CNN) and feedforward deep neural networks are proposed and named in this paper as: BFN, CNA, and HBN. BFN is a combination between bag-of-Audio-word (BoAW) and feedforward deep neural network, CNA based on CNN, finally, HBN is hybrid architecture between BFN and CNA. Overall accuracy is achieved by leveraging Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient features and bag-of-acoustic-words to feed the network, resulting in promising classification performance. In addition, the concatenated output from the proposed hybrid networks is fed into a softmax layer to produce a probability distribution over categorical classifications for speech recognition. The three proposed models are trained on eight emotional classes from the Ryerson Audio-Visual Database of Emotional Speech and Song audio (RAVDESS) dataset. Our proposed models achieved overall precision between 81.5% and 85.5% and overall accuracy between 80.6% and 84.5%, hence outperforming state-of-the-art models using the same dataset.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.567
Threshold uncertainty score0.466

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.035
GPT teacher head0.289
Teacher spread0.254 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it