Industry Networks and Sustainable Competitive Advantages in Brazilian and U.S. Processed Citrus Supply Chains
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The states of Sao Paulo, Brazil and Florida, United States collectively dominate the world supply of orange juice. Collectively, these two regions account for over 80 percent of world processed orange production (Spreen, et al). Florida is the prime supplier to the United States and Canada, while Sao Paulo dominates world trade of orange juice and is the primary supplier to the EU market. It is these three markets - the United States, Canada and the EU - that represent the vast majority of global consumption of processed orange products (Spreen). The global dominance by these two national industries is being threatened. Both the Florida and Sao Paulo citrus industries are experiencing outbreaks of the same potentially devastating diseases - citrus canker (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri) and citrus greening (Liberibacter asiaticus). Citrus canker forms lesions on fruit, causing premature fruit drop and rendering the fruit unsuitable for fresh market sales. "In addition to lowering yields, there is likely some increase in tree mortality as canker may open pathways for other diseases ... [though] tree mortality is not the major concern with endemic citrus canker (Spreen, et al., p. 14-5)." On the other hand, citrus greening, as observed in Asia, has had devastating effects on citrus production, leading to very high rates of tree mortality. As greening is quite new to both Sao Paulo and Florida, the actual magnitude of this threat is still unknown, but most industry observers are openly concerned about the potential for significant losses of citrus trees.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".