Comparing Pre-Service Teachers’ Self-Confidence Levels in Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge in Terms of Several Variables
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate and compare pre-service teachers’ self-confidence in technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) concerning their gender, department, and owned digital technologies. To achieve this goal, the survey method was conducted as part of a quantitative method design. Participants of the study consisted of 252 pre-service teachers from four different concentrations: physics, chemistry, biology, and german language teaching. TPACK Self Confidence Scale (TPACK-SCS), which was constructed by Graham, Burgoyne, Cantrell, Smith, and Harris (2009) and adapted to Turkish by Timur and Taşar (2011), was used as the data collection tool. TPACK-SCS is a scale with 4 sub-dimensions as Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK), Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK), Technological Knowledge (TK), and Technological Content Knowledge (TCK). The Cronbach’s Alpha internal reliability coefficients of the scale were calculated between .78 and .94. Since the data obtained did not show normal distribution it was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis - H tests. According to the results, significant differences were found in the level of self-confidence and sub-dimensions of students’ TPACK according to gender, department, and owned digital technologies for education.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".