Diffuse-interface blended method for the imposition of physical boundaries in two-fluid flows.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Multiphase flows are commonly found in chemical engineering processes such as distillation columns, bubble columns, fluidized beds and heat exchangers. Physical boundaries in numerical simulations of multiphase flows are generally defined by a mesh that conforms to the physical boundaries of the system. Depending on the complexity of the physical system, generating the conformal mesh can be time-consuming and the resulting mesh could potentially contain a large number of skewed elements, which is undesirable. The diffuse-interface approach allows for a structured mesh to be used while still capturing the desired solid-fluid boundaries. In this work, a diffuse-interface method for the imposition of physical boundaries is developed for two-fluid incompressible flow systems. The diffuse-interface is used to define the physical boundaries and the boundary conditions are imposed by blending the conservation equations from the two-fluid model with that of the solid. The results from the diffuse-interface method and mesh-defined boundaries are found to be in good agreement at small diffuse-interface widths.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".