Studies on Biology and Control of Daylily Rust in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Prior to 2000, daylily rust, caused by Puccinia hemerocallidis was not found in North America, but restricted to the native range of daylilies in east Asia (Bergeron, 2003). This disease was first confirmed in the southern U.S. during fall 2000 (Williams-Woodward et al. 2001), and had rapidly spread to over 20 states within a year (Buck and Williams-Woodward 2002). The infection and spread of this disease in nurseries has been extremely rapid, and in some cases has rendered plants unsaleable. During the 2001 growing season, daylily rust was detected on some daylily collector or breeding gardens in Ontario and Quebec. Unlike the situation in the U.S. where many products are available, Canada has only chlorothalonil labeled for use against diseases on lilies (and daylilies aren’t even true lilies). The purpose of this work was to develop a method for studying this rust under laboratory conditions since at the start of this study, the distribution of this rust in Canada was limited and we did not want to enhance its spread. We first wanted to see if the rust could be grown on leaves in petri plates so that we could
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".