Plant Turnover and Productivity Growth in Canadian Manufacturing
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Entry is important because new firms and new plants provide an important source of competition to incumbents. They are a source of new products and technologies. In this paper, we outline the size of the turnover in plants that have entered and exited the Canadian manufacturing sector over each of the last three decades – 1973-79, 1979-88 and 1988-97. We also examine the contribution of plant turnover to labour productivity growth in the manufacturing sector over the three periods. Plant turnover makes a significant contribution to productivity growth as more productive entrants replace exiting plants that are less productive. We also find that a disproportionately large fraction of the contribution of plant turnover to productivity growth is due to multi-plant or foreign-controlled firms closing down and opening up new plants. The plants opened up by multi-plant or foreign-controlled firms are typically much more productive than those opened by single-plant or domestic-controlled ... Entrees et sorties d'usines et croissance de la productivite dans le secteur manufacturier au canada Les entrees sur le marche sont importantes parce que les nouvelles entreprises et les nouvelles usines, qui generent de nouveaux produits et de nouvelles technologies, font une vive concurrence aux enterprises existantes. Dans le present document, nous examinons l’importance du roulement des usines dans le secteur manufacturier canadien, c’est-a-dire le nombre d’entrees et de sorties, au cours des trois dernieres decennies, soit de 1973 a 1979, de 1979 a 1988 et de 1988 a 1997. Nous examinons aussi la contribution de ce roulement a la croissance de la productivite du travail dans le secteur manufacturier au cours de ces trios periodes. Le roulement des usines contribue de facon importante a la croissance de la productivite, les usines entrantes plus productives remplacant les usines sortantes moins productives. Par ailleurs, nous constatons qu’une part disproportionnellement elevee de l’effet des entrees et des sorties sur la croissance de la productivite est attribuable a la ...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".