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Record W3125649192

The California Gray Whale: Its Legal Regime Under Mexican Law

2007· article· en· W3125649192 on OpenAlexaboutno aff
Jorge A. Vargas

Bibliographic record

VenueOcean and coastal law journal · 2007
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicSpace exploration and regulation
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsGeographyWhalingFisheryPeninsulaWhaleExclusive economic zoneGray (unit)Territorial watersPopulationMarine protected areaLegislationEnvironmental protectionOceanographyInternational lawPolitical scienceEcologyArchaeologyHabitatLawBiologyGeology
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Every year, California gray whales arrive at their wintering grounds in the coastal lagoons off the western coast of the Baja California peninsula and the Gulf of California. It is here where gray whales annually engage in their reproductive and procreation activities, a fascinating and mysterious ritual dating back 100,000 years! Thus, between November and March, thousands of gray whales congregate in the shallow waters of Mexico’s lagoons, all of which are located in the state of Baja California Sur. The latest scientific data estimates that today the gray whale population has reached approximately 25,000 individuals, a total that compares with the original number that existed in the Pacific Ocean in the early nineteenth century prior to the whale hunting activities of the United States in that part of the world. When one considers that gray whales were twice threatened with extinction, first by U.S. whalers in the late nineteenth century and then by Norwegian factory-ships in the 1930s, this population recovery is truly amazing. Approximately 25,000 gray whales arrive in these lagoons every winter, all of which congregate within the short period of about two months. In order to get to these warm, shallow, and secluded Mexican coastal waters, the gray whales have to undertake one of the longest and most exhausting migrations in the animal world. They swim from the freezing waters of the Bering and Chucki seas in the Arctic region, travel through the Unimack Pass in the Aleutian Islands, and continue south along the coasts of Alaska, Canada, and the United States to finally arrive in Mexico. This is truly a maritime odyssey, covering a total of 8000 miles (round trip) and lasting between two and one-half and three months.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.962
Threshold uncertainty score0.843

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.009
GPT teacher head0.234
Teacher spread0.225 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designTheoretical or conceptual
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations1
Published2007
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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