La fabrique de la laïcité par le juge. Éléments de comparaison Belgique-France-Québec
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cet article propose un essai interprétatif des conditions par lesquelles le juge fabrique la laïcité, cela dans trois contextes nationaux : la Belgique, la France et le Québec. Sans nier l’important rôle du législateur, il développe l’idée selon laquelle la laïcité, dans toute sa concrétude, procède aussi et surtout d’un important travail d’interprétation par lequel les tribunaux, tantôt contribuent à préciser le contenu des principes laïques (séparation des Églises et de l’État ; neutralité ; liberté de conscience et de religion ; égalité) en dehors même de toute intervention du législateur à cet effet, tantôt contrôlent (et parfois censurent) le travail de ce dernier au nom de ces principes laïques.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".