ECCLESIOLOGY AND THE VARIETIES OF ROMANTICISM IN AMERICAN CHRISTIANITY, 1825–1850
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Emerging alongside the religious radicalism of the New England transcendentalists in the second quarter of the nineteenth century, ecclesiology represented a wholly countervailing movement in American Christianity. This chapter considers the various manifestations of the ecclesiological tendency in American Christianity during the second quarter of the nineteenth century as an alternative romanticism in religious and cultural life. Ecclesiology shared with New England transcendentalism, and indeed the romantic movement as a whole, a core disaffection with the commercial and utilitarian values of the emergent bourgeois world of the late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century northern Atlantic. Like transcendentalism, ecclesiology protested against an America that had grown acquisitive, materialistic and socially fragmented. Ecclesiology was imported into America as a means of differentiating the church from the myriad voluntary associations, clubs and charities that make up what we call ‘civil society.’
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.016 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".