Role of the Secondary Metal in Ordered and Disordered Pt–M Intermetallic Nanoparticles: An Example of Pt<sub>3</sub>Sn Nanocubes for the Electrocatalytic Methanol Oxidation
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
When comparing alloy catalysts with different degrees of ordering, it is important to maintain surface facets to understand the effect of different arrangements of surface atoms. This is even more important when both metals are involved in the reaction steps, which is the case of Pt3Sn for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). We have prepared 95 and 60% ordered Pt3Sn nanocubes with {100} facets for the MOR. We show that the Sn atoms in the 60% ordered Pt3Sn nanocubes can be electrochemically oxidized to Sn4+, whereas the Sn atoms in the 95% ordered Pt3Sn nanocubes are more resistant to oxidation. The Sn4+ in the disordered catalysts makes them more active than the ordered catalysts. At low overpotentials, the electrochemically formed Sn4+ in the 60% ordered Pt3Sn nanocubes bind OH, oxidizing the CO intermediate adsorbed on Pt more efficiently. At high overpotentials, Sn4+ prevents the passivation of the Pt sites due to adsorption of OH. These effects lead to a 5.6 times higher activity of the 60% ordered nanocubes compared to the 95% ordered nanocubes. These results illustrate the importance in catalyst design of controlling the environment and especially the atoms neighboring Pt for intermetallic Pt–M electrocatalysts.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it