Encapsulating Sn(OH)<sub>4</sub> Nanoparticles in Micropores of Mesocarbon Microbeads: A New Anode Material for High‐Performance Lithium Ion Batteries
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A novel Sn(OH) 4 /mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) anode material has been successfully prepared by skillfully encapsulating the Sn(OH) 4 nanoparticles into the micropores of MCMB via a simple vapor deposition approach. The electrochemical results demonstrate that the Sn(OH) 4 /MCMB anode exhibits a high reversible capacity of 904 mAh g −1 after 500 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g −1 , which is far higher than that of the SnO 2 /MCMB (501 mAh g −1 ) and Sn/MCMB (364 mAh g −1 ). Such transcendence can be attributed to the ultrasmall sizes of Sn(OH) 4 nanoparticles and rapid lithium ions transport channels provided by micropores on the surface of MCMB. More importantly, the encapsulated Sn(OH) 4 particles inside the micropores decrease the exposure to the electrolyte to ensure the formation of stable solid electrolyte interphase films as well as accommodating electrode expansion during charge–discharge, which is beneficial to achieve a stable cycling performance. Therefore, the unique nanostructures of Sn(OH) 4 /MCMB ensure it becomes a novel promising anode material for the high‐performance lithium ion batteries.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it