Which Governance Model for Moroccan Universities?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The issue of the university’s models of governance is of cardinal importance and provokes great controversy. Academic literature has referred to different models or classifications of university governance. In the case of Morocco, a few articles address the issue of governance models in Moroccan universities. Here, we aimed to highlight the governance model currently adopted by Moroccan universities, adopting a descriptive and analytical approach, through the reading and analysis of the legislative texts and official reports that govern higher education in Morocco. We found that the governance of higher education evolved with Law 01.00 of the year 2000, from a model of governance controlled by the State to a model of governance supervised by the State. As a result, the autonomy of universities has been strengthened and stakeholder involvement has been broadened. It is a mixed model that brings together, with different degrees, characteristics of the “academic” model, the “political” model, the “bureaucratic” model, and the “stakeholder model” to some extent. However, given the multiple challenges and pressures faced by Moroccan universities such as employability and funding problems, we believe that they must change the paradigm to adopt a governance model that combines respect for academic values with the contribution to the socio-economic development of the nation, a more flexible model, more inclusive, more participatory and more entrepreneurial, which encourages self-employment, having a global vision and a regional vocation, oriented towards local development. This research is one of the first attempts at understanding the Moroccan university governance models. It enriches the theoretical literature on the crisis of Moroccan higher education, mainly the issue of governance models, and opens the way to new studies that aim to improve the governance and the quality of higher education.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".