Bibliographic record
Abstract
Yield and quality of chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume) are affected by nitrogen (N) availability; however, there are few reports on foliar and root absorption of different chemical forms of N in chestnut. To analyze the absorption characteristics of exogenous N fertilizer labeled by 15N in chestnut, nitrate and ammonium nitrogen uptake and allocation were determined in 1-yr-old seedlings that received soil and foliar 15NH4NO3 and NH415NO3. We found that 29% of the nitrate and 25% of the ammonium absorbed by the leaves were translocated to the roots, while 62.01% of the nitrate and 63.27% of the ammonium absorbed by the roots were translocated to the shoots. The seedlings absorbed more nitrate nitrogen than ammonium nitrogen, and their foliar N uptake was faster than their root uptake. Most of the N absorbed by the seedlings was fixed in the shoots in both foliar and soil uptake. The proportion of N fixed was greater in seedlings subjected to foliar fertilization than in those treated with soil fertilizer. Foliar fertilizer application can meet the N nutritional needs of fast-growing shoots more effectively than soil fertilizer application; however, soil fertilization was a better long-term N source than foliar fertilization. Thus, ensuring an adequate supply of nitrate N fertilizer in the soil accompanied by a commensurate increase in foliar fertilizer application can effectively meet the nutrient requirements associated with the rapid growth of chestnut seedling shoots.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".